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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian veterinary journal</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian veterinary journal</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Российский ветеринарный журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2500-4379</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">47393</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32416/2500-4379-2021-4-15-20</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. Кардиология</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES. Cardiology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. Кардиология</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Retrospective review: congenital pulmonary artery stenosis in dogs (prevalence forms)</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Ретроспективный анализ распространения типов врожденного стеноза легочной артерии у собак</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Илларионова</surname>
       <given-names>Владислава Константиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Illarionova</surname>
       <given-names>Vladislava Konstantinovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кадырова</surname>
       <given-names>Аделя Илмировна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kadyrova</surname>
       <given-names>Adelya Ilmirovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>kadyrovaai@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная клиника «Биоконтроль»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Veterinary Clinic «Biocontrol»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии — МВА имени К.И. Скрябина»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Skryabin</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная клиника «Корветцентр»</institution>
     <city>Королев</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Veterinary clinic &quot;Corvetcenter&quot;</institution>
     <city>Korolev</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная клиника «Биоконтроль»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Veterinary Clinic «Biocontrol»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>2021</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>15</fpage>
   <lpage>20</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-11-26T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>26</day>
     <month>11</month>
     <year>2021</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://logospress.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/47393/view">https://logospress.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/47393/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель исследования: определить инцидентность и клинические характеристики различных типов СЛА у собак.&#13;
Задачи исследования: выявить породную предрасположенность к СЛА, изучить клинические, эхокардиографические и электрокардиографические характеристики различных типов СЛА и проанализировать их зависимость от степени тяжести порока.&#13;
Материалы и методы: ретроспективное исследование за шесть лет (2014–2020 годы). Кардиологическое обследование собак, поступивших на первичный амбулаторный прием врача кардиологического отделения ветеринарной клиники «Биоконтроль», включало в себя физикальное обследование, эхокардиографию с применением УЗ-системы Philips HD15, электрокардиографию.&#13;
&#13;
Исследуемая группа: 31 собака с изолированным СЛА. Породы: французский бульдог, английский бульдог, йоркширский терьер, немецкий шпиц, американский питбультерьер, стаффордширский терьер, той-терьер, кане-корсо, уиппет, бивер-йоркширский терьер, чихуахуа, энтлебухер, немецкий боксер, восточно-европейская овчарка, американский булли.&#13;
Результаты и обсуждение: за период с 1 января 2014 года по 31 декабря 2020 года были обследованы 43 собаки с диагнозом СЛА. Из них 31 собака (72 %) с изолированным СЛА и 12 собак (28 %) с комбинацией СЛА с другим ВПС. Наиболее часто встречались сочетания СЛА с САО и ДМЖП (по 25 %). Среди изолированных СЛА наиболее распространенной формой был клапанный стеноз типа А (68 %). По выраженности преобладала тяжелая степень стеноза (58 %). Патологию отмечали чаще у таких пород, как французские бульдоги (22,6 %), английские бульдоги (16,1%) и йоркширские терьеры (9,7 %); у самцов СЛА встречалась чаще (55 %), чем у самок. В группе собак с тяжелой степенью СЛА характерные клинические проявления обнаружили у 61 % животных, из них наиболее часто зарегистрированным симптомом был обморок (28 %). В группе животных с умеренной и легкой степенью СЛА не определили симптомов, связанных с ВПС. По ЭКГ у 100 % собак диагностировали синусовый ритм. Смещение ЭОС вправо выявили у 45 % собак, при этом отметили прямую зависимость между тяжестью стеноза и выраженностью смещения ЭОС сердца вправо. По данным эхокардиографического исследования, у 100 % животных с тяжелой и умеренной степенью СЛА и у 14 % собак с легкой степень СЛА диагностирована концентрическая, эксцентрическая или смешанная формы гипертрофии миокарда ПЖ, увеличение полости ПП различной выраженности зарегистрировано у 72% собак с тяжелой степенью СЛА и у 17% с умеренной степенью СЛА.&#13;
Обнаружили прямую зависимость между тяжестью стеноза, видом гипертрофии ПЖ и размерами полости ПП: чем тяжелее стеноз, тем более выражена смешанная форма гипертрофии; у собак со смешанной гипертрофией ПЖ регистрировали увеличение полости ПП. У всех собак с типом СЛА R2A, независимо от тяжести стеноза, определяли постстенотическую дилатацию ствола и ветвей легочной артерии.&#13;
Выводы: СЛА наиболее часто встречается у собак породы французский бульдог. Самая распространенная разновидность СЛА — клапанный стеноз типа А в виде изолированного порока. Преобладает тяжелая степень СЛА. Тяжесть порока прямо пропорциональна выраженности гипертрофии миокарда правого желудочка, большому размеру правого предсердия и смещению ЭОС вправо.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Objective: to determine the occurrence and clinical characteristics of different types of PS (pulmonary stenosis) in dogs &#13;
Reseach tasks: to identify the breed predisposition to PS, to study the clinical, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic characteristics of various types of PS and to analyse their dependence on the severity of the heart defect.&#13;
Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of Biocontrol veterinary clinic medical records throughout six years (2014–2020). Cardiological examination of dogs presented to the primary ambulatory appointment included physical examination, echocardiography using the Philips HD15 ultrasound system, radiography and electrocardiography.&#13;
Animals: 31 dogs with isolated pulmonary artery stenosis (17 males and 14 females). Breeds: French Bulldog, English Bulldog, Yorkshire Terrier, German Spitz, American Pit Bull Terrier, Staffordshire Terrier, Toy Terrier, Cane Corso, Whippet, Biewer Yorkshire Terrier, Chihuahua, Entlebucher, German Boxer, East European Shepherd, American Bully.&#13;
Results and discussion: 43 dogs with a PS were examined from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2020. Of these, 31 dogs (72 %) with isolated PS and 12 dogs (28 %) with a combination of PS with other congenital heart defects. The most common combinations were PS with aortic stenosis (25 %) and PS with ventricular septal defect (25 %). The most common form of isolated PS was type A valve stenosis (68 %). Severe stenosis prevailed (58 %). The most common breeds were French Bulldogs (22.6 %), English Bulldogs (16.1 %) and Yorkshire Terriers (9.7 %). Males were more prevalent (55 %). 61 % of animals from the group of dogs with severe PS visited clinic because of signalment, and syncope was the most frequently reported symptom (28 %).&#13;
The symptoms associated with congenital heart defect were not identified in the group of animals with moderate and mild degrees of PS. ECG showed that 100 % of dogs were diagnosed with sinus rhythm. Electrical right axis deviation of the heart was detected in 45 % of dogs. Direct dependency was between the severity of the stenosis and the severity of electrical right axis deviation. According to echocardiographic studies  — 100 % of animals with severe and moderate stenosis and 14% with mild stenosis were diagnosed with concentric, eccentric or mixed forms of right ventricle myocardial hypertrophy, enlargement of the right atrial. Direct dependency is founded between the severity of stenosis, the type of right ventricle hypertrophy and the size of the right atrium.&#13;
The more severe stenosis, the more mixed form of hypertrophy; increase of the right atrium was recorded in dogs with mixed right ventricular hypertrophy. Post-stenotic dilatation of the trunk and branches of the pulmonary artery was determined in all dogs with single right coronary artery type R2A.&#13;
Conclusions: PS is most commonly found in French Bulldogs. The most common type of PS is type A valvular stenosis in the form of an isolated defect. Severe PS is prevalent. There is direct dependency is between the severity of the defect and the severity of right ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, the large size of the right atrium and electrical right axis deviation of the heart.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>врожденный порок сердца</kwd>
    <kwd>стеноз легочной артерии</kwd>
    <kwd>собаки</kwd>
    <kwd>эхокардиография</kwd>
    <kwd>электрокардиография</kwd>
    <kwd>породная предрасположенность</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>congenital heart defects</kwd>
    <kwd>pulmonic stenosis</kwd>
    <kwd>dogs</kwd>
    <kwd>echocardiography</kwd>
    <kwd>electrocardiography</kwd>
    <kwd>breed predisposition</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
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