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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian veterinary journal</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian veterinary journal</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Российский ветеринарный журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2500-4379</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42740</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32416/2500-4379-2021-1-10-18</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>REVIEWS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">The possibility of using tiletamine-zolazepam for sedation during oral administration in dogs and cats: literature review</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Возможность применения тилетамин-золазепама для седации при пероральном введении у собак и кошек: обзор литературы</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Корнюшенков</surname>
       <given-names>Евгений Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kornyushenkov</surname>
       <given-names>Evgeniy Aleksandrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>evg-kornyushenkov@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шимширт</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shimshirt</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Aleksandrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат биологических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of sciences in biology;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника экспериментальной терапии НИИ клинической онкологии Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Clinic of Experimental Therapy by FBSI «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная клиника «Биоконтроль»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Veterinary clinic «Biocontrol»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Анестезиологическое ветеринарное общество России – АНО ВИТАР</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian veterinary society of anesthesiologists «ANO VITAR»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарный онкологический научный центр «Биоконтроль»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Veterinary Oncology Research Center «Biocontrol»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника экспериментальной терапии ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Clinic of experimental therapy FSBI «N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ветеринарная клиника «Биоконтроль»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Veterinary clinic «Biocontrol»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «ФИЦ оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий&quot;</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">FSBSI «Federal research center for innovator and emerging biomedical and AND pharmaceutical technologies»</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>2021</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>10</fpage>
   <lpage>18</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://logospress.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/42740/view">https://logospress.editorum.ru/en/nauka/article/42740/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В обзоре приведены результаты трех исследований применения тилетамин-золазепама для седации при пероральном введении у собак и кошек.&#13;
Исследование 1. Цель — изучить седативный эффект комбинации тилетамин-золазепам-ацепромазин (ТЗА) или кетамин-флунитразепам (КФ) у собак при пероральном применении, а также оценить эффективность капсульной формы ТЗА у бездомных собак. В пилотном исследовании 6-ти собакам применяли жидкую форму ТЗА (20 мг/кг тилетамин-золазепам и 2 мг/кг ацепромазина) или жидкую форму КФ (50 мг/кг кетамина и 2 мг/кг флунитразепама) перорально. Седацию оценивали в баллах. В среднем временной промежуток от введения ТЗА до принятия животным бокового положения составил: протокол 1  (вливание препарата в рот) — 47,5 (35…80) минут (67 % собак); протокол 2(добавление капсульной формы в баночный корм)  — 30 (15…65) минут (83 %), протокол 3 (добавление жидкой формы препарата в подливе) — 75 (45…110) минут (100 %). Ни одна собака в группе КФ в протоколах 2 и 3 не принимала бокового положения. На основании этих результатов 20 бездомных собак получили инкапсулированный ТЗА: ТЗ (20 мг/кг) и ацепромазин (2 мг/кг).  В целом, 63 % бездомных собак в эксперименте было поймано после поедания двойной дозы ТЗА. Пероральное введение инкапсулированного ТЗА, добавленного в баночный корм, позволяет отлавливать бездомных собак, но при этом может требоваться применение дополнительных препаратов. Время от введения ТЗА до развития седации у животных и вкусовые качества препарата влияют на процент отлова.&#13;
Исследование 2. Цель — изучить возможность перорального применения препарата «Золетил» у кошек. Было отобрано 8 здоровых кошек, самок и самцов, в возрасте от 2 до 4-х лет. «Золетил-50» был использован в виде стерильного лиофилизата, приготовленного в виде раствора с водой для инъекций в дозах от 15 до 25 мг/кг. После введения препарата оценивали параметры гемодинамики, седацию и возможность эндотрахиальной интубации. После перорального введения эффект седации развивался достаточно быстро. При введении в дозе 25 мг/кг была возможность интубации и проведение малых хирургических вмешательств. Доза 15 мг/кг вызывала только седацию. Целесообразно использовать «Золетил» в виде порошка с приятным вкусом.&#13;
Исследование 3. Цель — оценить качество седации, изменения САД, ЧСС и ЧД при трансбуккальном (ТБ) введении ТЗ здоровым кошкам. Здоровые стерилизованные европейские короткошерстные кошки (n=7; 3 самца, 4 самки) были включены в рандомизированное, слепое, перекрестное исследование. Каждая кошка получала две дозы тилетамина-диазепама ТБ: по 5 мг/кг (НД) и 7,5 мг/кг (ВД) каждого препарата.  ТБ введение тилетамина-золазепама в изученных дозах является простым и эффективным методом фармакологической фиксации кошек, при этом НД оказывает меньше влияния на САД и ЧДД, чем ВД.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The review presents the results of three studies of the use of tiletamine-zolazepam for sedation during oral administration in dogs and cats.&#13;
Study 1. Objective: to study the sedative effect of the combination of tiletamine-zolazepam-acepromazine (TZA) or ketamine-flunitrazepam (CF) in dogs with oral administration, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the capsule form of TZA in stray dogs.  In a pilot study, 6 dogs were administered a liquid form of TZA (20 mg/kg tiletamine-zolazepam and 2 mg/kg acepromazine) or a liquid form of CF (50 mg/kg ketamine and 2 mg/kg flunitrazepam) orally.  Sedation was evaluated in points. On average, the time interval from the introduction of MAL to the adoption of the animal side position was: protocol 1 (infusion of the drug into the mouth) — 47.5 (35...80) minutes (67 % of dogs); protocol 2 (addition of the capsule form to the canned food) — 30 (15...65) minutes (83 %), protocol 3 (addition of the liquid form of the drug in gravy) — 75 (45...110) minutes (100 %). None of the dogs in the CF group in protocols 2 and 3 took a side position. Based on these results, 20 stray dogs received encapsulated MAL: TZ (20 mg/kg) and acepromazine (2 mg/kg).  Overall, 63 % of the stray dogs in the experiment were caught after eating a double dose of MAL. Oral administration of encapsulated MAL added to the canned food allows you to catch stray dogs, but it may require the use of additional drugs. The time from the introduction of TZA to the development of sedation in animals and the taste of the drug affect the percentage of capture.&#13;
Study 2. The purpose of the study is to study the possibility of oral administration of the drug «Zoletil» to cats. 8 healthy cats, females and males, aged from 2 to 4 years, were selected. «Zoletil-50» was used in the form of a sterile lyophilizate prepared in the form of a solution with water for injection in doses from 15 to 25 mg/kg. After administration of the drug, hemodynamic parameters, sedation, and the possibility of endotrachial intubation were evaluated. After oral administration, the effect of sedation developed quite quickly. When administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg, intubation and minor surgical interventions were possible. A dose of 15 mg / kg caused only sedation. It is advisable to use «Zoletil» in the form of a powder with a pleasant taste.&#13;
Study 3. Objective: to assess the quality of sedation, changes in SAD, heart rate and BH in TB administration of TK to healthy cats. Healthy, sterilized European shorthair cats (n=7; 3 males, 4 females) were included in a randomized, blind, cross-sectional study. Each cat received two doses of tiletamine-diazepam TB: 5 mg / kg (LD) and 7.5 mg/kg (HD) of each drug. TB administration of tiletamine-zolazepam in the studied doses is a simple and effective method of pharmacological fixation of cats, while LD has less effect on SAD and BH than HD.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>собаки</kwd>
    <kwd>кошки</kwd>
    <kwd>тилетамин</kwd>
    <kwd>золазепам</kwd>
    <kwd>ацепромазин</kwd>
    <kwd>флунитразепам</kwd>
    <kwd>кетамин</kwd>
    <kwd>седация</kwd>
    <kwd>пероральное применение</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>cats</kwd>
    <kwd>dogs</kwd>
    <kwd>tiletamine</kwd>
    <kwd>zolazepam</kwd>
    <kwd>acepromazine</kwd>
    <kwd>flunitrazepam</kwd>
    <kwd>ketamine</kwd>
    <kwd>sedation</kwd>
    <kwd>oral administration</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
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